Natural Resources 2020

            We use many things in our daily lives. Some of them we get from nature, while some are made by man. All those things which we get from nature are called our natural resources. The things which are made by man are called man-made resources.

Our Resources 

      Natural Resources are termed as resources which are not man - made. Natural resources are found in, or are produced by nature. Hills, forests, rives and seas are natural resources. We find water in oceans, seas, rivers, streams, lakes and ponds. There is more water on the Earth than land. All these water bodies are very important to us. We get sea food from the oceans and seas. We also use these water bodies for transportation. Many kinds of rocks and minerals are found on the Earth. The rocks break down to form sand and soil. Forests are groups of tress covering vast areas of land. They are the homes of wild animals. Different types of trees grow in the forests. We get wood, paper and medicines from the trees. The trees in the forests also make the air pure by giving out oxygen. plants. rocks, land and water are some of nature's gifts to us.

Man - made resources : We use many man - made objects like books, clothes, toys, shoes, desks and benches every day. Roads, railways, national parks, Aeroplan's, buildings, monuments, factories, canals and dams are also made by man. A dam is a barrier built across a river to stop or check the flow of water. Dams are built to store water. Flooding can also be prevented by building dams.  A bridge is a structure built across a rive, road or railway track so that people can go from one side to the other. Bridges and other structures are built from iron and steel. A Factory is a building or a group of buildings where things are manufactured. A garden is a piece of ground where flowers or vegetables are grown.

Learning Outcome : To learn the importance of natural and man - made objects.

Natural resources : Land, air, Water, plants and animals give man different kinds of natural resources.

Man-made Resources : We get different kinds of natural resources. But these natural resources cannot be used by man directly. Man has to bring some kind of changes in these resources so as to use them. So all the things man has made from natural resources are called Man-made Resources.

Resources : The materials and energies available in nature and the assets created by man and used for making human life easier and more comfortable are called resources. All the constituents in nature that are used by man are resources.

The man-made things made from natural resources are :

Natural resources :                                                Man-made Resources:  

1) Rock                                                                    (1) Hand mill made from stone

(2) Clay                                                    (2) Earthen pots, flower pots, vessels made of clay

(2) Clay  

(3)Cotton                                                                                 (3) Clothes

 (4)Fruits                                                                                (4) Jams, Juices

  (5)Iron mineral                                                                    (5)  Machine

(6)River                                                                                   (6) Dam on the river
(7)Wood                                                                                  (7) Furniture
(8)Grass                                                                                  (8) Roof of the hut
(9)Rubber                                                                                (9) The tyro of a motor vehicle

(10)Milk                                                                                 (10)  Ice cream, butter                                                         

Natural Resources : 👇

   Rocks 

       Rock is a mixture of different minerals formed by natural processes in the lithosphere. The properties of rocks depend on the constituent minerals and their proportion as well as on the formation process. Igneous rocks are formed out of cooling of magma and lava. Rocks are a mixture of different minerals formed by natural processes in the lithosphere. The earth's crust is made of rocks and soil. When the molten material known as magma (within the crust) and lava (on the surface of the earth) cools down. It solidifies. The process of solidification gives rise to the rocks. These rocks are knows as igneous rocks. 

      

The main features of igneous rocks are as follows : 1) Igneous rocks appear hard. These rocks are found to be heavy. 2) These rocks appear homogeneous. 3) We do not get fossils in these rocks. 4) These rocks are also referred to as primary rocks. 

Pumice rock:1) Pumice rock is formed out of volcanic froth. 2) It is an example of igneous rock. 3) It is a porous rock. 4) As its density is very low, it can easily float on water.

Rock forming minerals:

Silica, aluminum, magnesium and iron are the major rock forming minerals.

Properties Of Rocks:

Properties of rocks depend on the constituent minerals and their proportion as well as on the formation process.

Types of rocks:1) Igneous rocks / Primary rocks. 2) Sedimentary rocks 3) Metamorphic rocks.

Igneous rocks: 1) The molten material knows as magma and lava cools down and solidifies giving rise to igneous rocks. 2) These are also referred to as primary rocks. We do not get fossils in these rocks. 3) Basalt is a major example of igneous rock.

Sedimentary rocks : Due to heat, rivers, glaciers, wind, etc. the rocks get disintegrated / decomposed. These rock particles get transported towards the low-lying areas and are deposited there. One after the other, layers of sediments get deposited in this way. The upper layers exert heavy pressure on the lower layers leading to compaction of material and development of sedimentary rocks. We may get fossils in these rocks. These rocks are generally brittle and lightweight. Sandstone, limestone, shale, corals, etc. are sedimentary rocks.

          The main features of sedimentary rocks are as follows : 1) One can easily see layers in the sedimentary rocks. 2) While layers are getting deposited, the remains of dead animals or plants get buried in these layers. Therefore, one may find fossils in sedimentary rocks. 3) These rocks are generally brittle and lightweight. 4) Most of them are porous.

Metamorphic rocks : Due to volcanic activity and other earth movements, the igneous or sedimentary rocks are subjected to tremendous pressure and heat. As its effect, the crystals in the original rocks get re-crystallized/ metamorphosed leading to formation of metamorphic rocks. These rocks do not contain fossils, These rocks are heavy and hard. Gneiss, Marble, Diamond, Slate, etc., are metamorphic rocks.

        The main features of metamorphosed rocks are as follows : 1) Metamorphosed rocks do not contain fossils. 2) These rocks are heavy and hard.

Fossils: Due to heavy pressure, the impressions of the buried remains of dead animals or plants get putrefied in the rocks. These are called fossils. The study of fossils provides information about the life in that period.

Igneous rocks: 1) Igneous rocks are formed out of cooling down of magma and lava. 2) Igneous rocks are heavy.

Sedimentary rocks: 1) Sedimentary rocks are formed out of deposition of layers of sediments and their compaction. 2) Sedimentary rocks are lightweight.

Metamorphic rocks: 1) Metamorphic rocks are formed out of re-crystallization of the original rocks due to tremendous heat and pressure. 2) Metamorphic rocks are heavy.

Clay: Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals. Clays develop plasticity when wet, due to a molecular film of  water surrounding the clay particles, but become hard, brittle and non-plastic upon drying or firing. Clay is the oldest known ceramic material. Prehistoric humans discovered the useful properties of clay and used it for making pottery. Some of the earliest pottery shards have been dated to around 14,000 BC,  and clay tablets were the first known writing medium. Clay is used in many modern industrial processes such as paper making, cement production, and chemical filtering. Between one-half and two-thirds of the world's population live or work in building made with clay, Clay is a very common substance. Shale formed largely from clay, is the most common sedimentary rock. Although many naturally occurring deposits include both silts and clay, Clays are distinguished from other fine-grained soils by differences in size and mineralogy. Silts, which are fine-grained soils that do not include clay minerals, tend to have larger particle sizes than clays. Mixtures of sand, silt and less than 40% clay are called loam. 

Cotton : Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor percentages of waxes, fats, pectin's, and water. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will increase the dispersal of the seeds. The plant is a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the American, African, Egypt and India. The greatest diversity of wild cotton species is found in Mexico, followed by Australia and AFRICA. Cotton was independently domesticated in the Old and New Worlds. The fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread and used to make a soft, breathable, and durable textile. The use of cotton for fabric is known to date to prehistoric times, fragments of cotton fabric dated to the fifth millennium BC have been found in the Indus Valley Civilization, as well as fabric remnants dated back to 6000 BC in Peru. Although cultivated since antiquity, it was the invention of the cotton gin that lowered the cost of production that led to its widespread use, and it is the most widely used natural fiber cloth in clothing today.

Fruit : Fruit, the fleshy or dry ripened ovary of a flowering plant, enclosing the seed or seeds. Thus, apricots, bananas, and grapes, as well as bean pods, corn grains, tomatoes, cucumbers, and  [ in their shells ] acorns and almonds, are all technically fruits. Popularly, however, the term is restricted to the ripened ovaries that are sweet and either succulent or pulpy.  Botanically, a fruit is a mature ovary and it associated parts. It usually contains seeds, which have developed from the enclosed ovule after fertilization,  although development without fertilization, called parthenocarpy, is known, for example, in bananas. Fertilization induces various changes in a flower ; the anthers and stigma wither, the petals drop off, and the sepals may be shed or undergo modifications; the ovary enlarges, and the ovules develop into seeds, each containing an embryo plant.

Iron Mineral : Iron is a mineral. and its main purpose is to carry oxygen in the hemoglobin of red blood cells throughout the body so cells can produce energy. Iron also helps remove carbon dioxide. When the body's iron stores become so low that not enough normal red blood cells can be made to carry oxygen efficiently, a condition known as iron deficiency anemia develops. Even though iron is widely available in food, some people, like adolescent girls and women ages 19 to 50 years old may not get the amount they need on a daily basis. It is also a concern for young children and women who are pregnant or capable of becoming pregnant. If treatment for iron deficiency is needed, a health - care provider will assess iron status and determine the exact form of treatment - which may include changes in diet and or taking supplements. Babies need iron for brain development and growth. They store enough iron for the First four to six months of life. A supplement may be recommended by a pediatrician for a baby that is premature or a low-birth weight and breastfed. After six months, their need for iron increases, so the introduction of solid foods when the baby is developmentally ready can help to provide sources of iron. Most infant formulas are fortified with iron. 

River : A river is a stream of water that flows through a channel in the surface of the ground. The passage where the river flows is called the river bed and the earth on each side is called a river bank. A river begins on high ground or in hills or mountains and flows down from the high ground to the lower ground, because of gravity. A river begins as a small stream, and gets bigger the farther it flow

   The water that flows in rivers is fresh, meaning that it contains less than one percent salt. However, rivers still carry and distribute important salts and nutrients to support plant and animal life. For this reason, some of the most biodiverse habitats on our planet can be found around rivers. Collectively, scientists estimate that all the rivers in the world carry about 3.6 billion metric tons (four billion tons) of salt from land to the ocean each year. Rivers can also form what is called an estuary, where salty seawater mixes with fresh water near the river mouth to form "brackish water."  The Hudson River in New York, U.S., is an example of an estuary where brackish water extends more than 241 kilometers (150 miles) upstream. Rivers that overflow their banks also deposit sediment in the surrounding flood plain. These deltas and floodplains are highly fertile agricultural zones that offer tremendous value to the surrounding people.

Wood :

Wood is the main substance in trees. It is mainly formed by the xylenes vessels which carry water up the plant.  The two main substances in wood are cellulose and lignin. Wood is used to make buildings and furniture, and also for art. Firewood is a fuel. Wood is hard to cut, but it is also strong. After a tree falls, the wood in it can be cut into long, straight pieces called lumber. Lumber can then be used to make posts, Wood comes in many different kinds. Oak, maple (hardwood) and pine and redwood (softwood) are widely used types of wood. Wood are usually divided into softwood (from conifers) and hardwood from flowering plants.

Grass :  Grass is a plant with narrow leaves growing from the base. A common kind of grass is used to cover the ground in a lawn and other places. Grass gets water from the roots in the ground. The true grasses include cereals, bamboo and the grasses of lawns (turf ) and grassland. Uses for graminoids include food, (as grain, sprouted grain, shoots or rhizomes), drink , pasture for livestock, thatching thatch, paper, fuel, clothing, insulation, construction, sports turf, basket weaving and many others. Many grasses are short, but some grasses, like bamboo can grow very tall. Plants from the grass family can grow in many places, even if they are very cold or very dry. Places, even if they are very cold or very dry. Several other plants that look similar but are not members of the grass family are also sometimes called grass, Grasses are an important food for many animals, like deer, buffalo, cattle, mice, grasshoppers, caterpillars, and many other grazers. Unlike other plants, grasses grow from the bottom, so when animals eat grass they usually do not destroy the part that grows. Without grass, dirt can wash away into rivers.

Rubber :  Runner is a material, which can stretch and shrink. It is a polymer. It can be produced from natural sources or can be synthesized on an industrial scale. Many things are made from rubber, like gloves, tires, plugs, and , masks. A few things can be made only from rubber.  Sometimes the word means only natural rubber Natural rubber is made from the white sap of some trees.

Milk : 

Milk is a white liquid made by mammals, like cows, dogs, and humans. It is made in the mammary gland (breasts, udders, or teats) of female mammals. Because newborn babies have no teeth, they must be given milk before they can eat solid food. Milk has many nutrients to help babies grow and be healthy. It is also a rich source of calcium which is good for their bones and teeth.

Man-Made Resources:  👇

Hand mill made from stone :  Millstones or mill stones are stones used in gristmills, for grinding wheat or other grains. They are sometimes referred to as grindstones or grinding stones. Millstones come in pairs : a convex stationary base known as the beds tone and a concave runner stone that rotates. The movement of the runner on top of the beds tone creates a "scissoring" action that grinds grain trapped between the stones. Millstones are constructed so that their shape and configuration help to channel ground flour to the outer edges of the mechanism for collection. The runner stone is supported by a cross - shaped metal piece (rind or rend) fixed to a " mace head" topping the main shaft or spindle leading to the driving mechanism of the mill.

Earthen pots, flower pots, vessels made of clay : Pottery is the process and the  products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other ceramic materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. Major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. The place where such wares are made by a potter is also called a pottery (plural "potteries"). The definition of pottery, used by the ASTM International, is "all fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed, except technical, structural, and refractory products. " In archaeology, especially of ancient and prehistoric periods, "Pottery" often means vessels only, and figures of the same material are called 'terracotta's." Pottery is one of the oldest human inventions, originating before the Neolithic period, with ceramic objects like the Gravitating culture Venus of Dolni Vestonice figurine discovered in the Czech Republic dating back to 29,000 - 25,000 . Pottery is made by forming a ceramic (often clay) body into objects of a desired shape and heating them to high temperatures (600 - 1600 ℃ ) in a bonfire, pit or kiln and induces reactions that lead to permanent changes including increasing the strength and rigidity of the object. Much pottery is purely utilitarian, Clay - based pottery can be divided into three main groups : earthenware, stoneware and porcelain. 

       

These require increasingly more specific clay material, and increasingly higher firing temperatures. All three are made in glazed and unglazed varieties, for different purposes. All may also be decorated by various techniques. In many examples the group a piece belongs to is immediately visually apparent, but this is not always the case.  The Frit ware of the Islamic world does not use clay, so technically falls outside these groups. Historic pottery of all these types is often grouped as either "Fine" wares,  relatively expensive and well-made, and following the aesthetic taste of the culture concerned, or alternatively "coarse", " popular " , "folk" or "village" wares, mostly, undecorated, or simply so, and often less well-made.

Clothes : The amount and type of clothing worn depends on gender, body type,  factors, and geographic considerations. Garments cover the body, footwear covers the feet, gloves cover the hands, while hats and headgear cover the head. Clothing serves many purposes : it can serve as protection from the elements, rough surfaces, sharp stones, rash - causing plants, insect bites, splinters, thorns and prickles by providing a barrier between the skin and the environment. Clothing can insulate against cold or hot conditions, and it can provide a hygienic barrier, keeping infectious and toxic materials away from the body. It can protect feet from injury and discomfort or facilitate navigation in varied environments. Clothing also provides protection from ultraviolet radiation. More specialized forms of protective equipment, such as face shields are classified protective accessories. At the far extreme, self-enclosing diving suits or space suits are form fitting body covers, and amount to a form of dress, without being clothing per se, while containing enough high technology to amount to more of a tool than a garment. This line will continue to blur as wearable technology embeds assistive devices directly into the fabric itself : the enabling innovations are ultra low power consumption and flexible electronic substrates. 

           

     Clothing also hybridizes into a personal transportation system (ice skates, roller skates, cargo pants, other outdoor survival gear, one man band ) or concealment system (stage magicians, hidden linings or pockets in tradecraft, integrated holsters for concealed carry, merchandise - laden trench coats on the black market - where the purpose of the clothing often carries over into disguise). A mode of dress fit to purpose, whether stylistic or functional, is known as an outfit or ensemble.

           

Jams, Juices : Jam making became "a great new industry" in 19th century England, at which point English jam makers were jam makers for the world, thriving after the repeal of sugar duties in 1874. There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by method of preparation, type of fruit used, and place in a meal. Sweet fruit preserves  such as jams, jellies and marmalades are often eaten at breakfast on bread or as an ingredient of a pastry or dessert. 

   

     In the United Kingdom the name of a fruit or fruits followed by juice can only legally be used to describe something which is 100% fruit juice. This is because of the Fruit Juices and Fruit Nectars (England) Regulations and the Fruit Juices and Fruit Nectars. Juice is a liquid that comes from plants, animals or fruit. The juice from fruit is often made into a drink.  Some fruits that are often made into drinks are apple, orange, tomato, pineapple, grapefruit, guava,  but there are many others.

Machine : A machine is a physical system using power to apply forces and control movement to perform an action. The term is commonly applied to artificial devices, such those employing engines or motors, but also to natural biological macromolecules, such as molecular machines. Machines can be driven by animals and people, by natural forces such as wind and water, and by chemical, thermal, or electrical power. Modern machines are complex systems that consist of structural elements, mechanisms and control components and include interfaces for convenient use.

Dam on the river :  Dam, structure built across a stream, a river, or an estuary to retain water. Dams are built to provide water for human consumption, for irrigating arid and semiarid lands, or for use in industrial Processes. They are used to increase the amount of water available for generating hydroelectric power, to reduce peak discharge of floodwater created by large storms or heavy snowmelt, or to increase the depth of water in a river in order to improve navigation and allow barges and ships to travel more easily. Dams can also provide a lake for recreational activities such s swimming, boating, and fishing. Many dams are built for more than one Purpose; for example, water in a single reservoir can be used for fishing, to generate hydroelectric power, and to support an irrigation system. Dams can also include intake structures that deliver water to a power station or to canals, tunnels, or pipelines designed to convey the water stored.

Furniture : Furniture refers to movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating eating and sleeping e.g. beds and hammocks. Furniture is also used to hold objects at a convenient height for work ( as horizontal surfaces above the ground, such as tables and desks), or to store things (e.g., cupboards, shelves, and drawers). People have been using natural objects, such as tree stumps, rocks ad moss, as furniture since the beginning of human civilization and continues today in some households / campsites. Archaeological research shows that from around 30,000 years ago, people started to construct and carve their own furniture, using wood, stone, and animal bones.

Roof of the hut : A hut is a small dwelling , which may be constructed of various local materials. Huts are a type of vernacular architecture because they are built of readily available materials such as wood, snow, ice, stone, grass, palm leaves, branches, hides, fabric, or mud using techniques passed down through the generations. The construction of a hut is generally less complex than that of a house but more so than that of a shelter (place of refuge or safety) such as a tent and is used as temporary or seasonal shelter or as a permanent dwelling in some indigenous societies' 

The tyro of a motor vehicle :  A Car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than goods. Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depends on them. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the car when German inventor Carl Benz patented his Benz Patent - Motorwagen. Cars became widely available in the early 20th century. One of the first cars accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal - drawn carriages and carts. In Europe and other parts of the world, demand for automobiles did not increase until after World War II. Personal benefits include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience.  Societal benefits include economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from the automotive industry, transportation provision, societal well - being from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from taxes. People's ability to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies.

 

Ice cream, butter : 

       Ice cream is a sweetened frozen food typically eaten as a snack or dessert. It may be made from milk or cream and is flavored with a sweetener, either sugar or an alternative, and a spice, such as cocoa or vanilla, or with fruit such as strawberry or peaches. It can also be made by whisking a flavored cream base and liquid nitrogen together. Food coloring is sometimes added, in addition to stabilizers.

     

    Butter, a yellow - to -white solid emulsion of fat globules, water, and inorganic salts produced by churning the cream from cows ' milk. Butter has long been used as a spread and as a cooking fat. It is an important edible fat in northern Europe, North America, and other places where cattle are the primary dairy animals. In all, about a third of the of the world's milk production is devoted to making butter....

Natural Disasters : Disasters that are of natural origin are nature disasters. Floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, hailstorms, etc. are natural calamities. We do not have enough knowledge about when and where natural calamities might happen. It is impossible for us to prevent them. We must not get frightened by such disasters. Instead, it is more useful to find out how to face such a disaster if it happens.

Untimely rains : In Maharashtra, at some places pre-monsoon showers are experienced. When it rains at other times besides monsoon or pre-monsoon period, such rain is said to be untimely rain. The untimely rains come without warning when we least expect it. Due to untimely rains fields get water-logged. Due to untimely rains , crop may rot, which may cause much loss to farmers. Many times, hailstorm accompanies untimely rains. Severe hail causes injuries to people and animals . It can damage crops in fields and fruits in orchards.

Floods : Due to heavy rains, the level of water in rivers increases. This is called flood, Mud houses collapse during floods. People and animals may die due to drowning. Flooding of settlements cause problems in everyday life. During floods. We should go to a safe place at a height and come back only when flood water recedes. We should not swim in flood water.

Earthquake : Due to waves produced inside the earth, the ground shakes for a few seconds. It is known as earthquake. Where the earthquake occurs, buildings are shaken. Things inside the houses fall from their places. Houses which are not strong enough, simply collapse into heaps. People get trapped under the heaps and get injured or even lose their lives. An earthquake also causes injuries or death of animals we keep. When an earthquake occurs, one should not panic. It lasts only for a few seconds. During that time, we should go under a strong bed or table or stand under a doorframe. This can prevent injuries from falling objects.

Tsunami : If the origin of the earthquake is in the sea, it produces gigantic sea waves and it is called tsunami. Tsunami causes much devastation. People or animals that come in the way of tsunami are completely helpless. They drown and die. A tsunami comes with so much force that vehicles on he coast along with people in them are thrown away to quite a distance. Vehicles are crushed. People inside get injured or die. Tsunami can also shatter houses and shops on the coast. 

Dealing with disasters :

      In every city district headquarters, there is a fixed drill to be followed in case of a natural disaster. There are specially trained volunteers for that purpose. If necessary, soldiers of the army are also called in to help.

Natural Regions 

          There exists a large number of different things in the world than those we see in our surroundings. We see different education and informative TV programmers about wild life. We become curious to knows more about this wild life. Why is this wild life not seen in our areas? Why are they not similar to the wild life found in our areas? What causes this difference? Let us try to find the reasons behinds all this.

        There are differences in terms of landforms, climate, soils, etc. in different part of the world. This different is mainly due to the availability of sunlight and water in that region. The availability of sunlight and water keeps on changing from the equator to the poles. You have studied this in the previous standards. Differences in landforms, climate and soil greatly influence the flora, fauna and human life and give rise to variations in the biodiversity in different parts of the world. On the other hand, there are similarities of climate, vegetation and animal life in different continents that spread between certain latitudes. These similarities  stand out as the distinctive features of these regions. As these regions stand out on the basis of natural factors, they are called natural  regions. The natural environment of such regions affects the living world including human beings. The entire land area on the earth can be divided into these natural regions. 

Region : Tundra Region , Taiga Region, Grasslands (Steppes and Prairies), Hot Desert Region, Grasslands (Sudan Type), Equatorial Region...

        Availability of water and temperatures found there determine the location and extent of these regions.  Besides the regions mentioned above, there are some more regions which stand out due to local conditions. They are the Monsoon, the Mediterranean and the West European regions. While the Monsoon and West European regions stand out because of specific winds blowing there, the Mediterranean region is knows for its rainfall in winters. 

     As one travels from the equator to the poles, the spectrum of biodiversity narrows down. This leads to the issue of availability of natural resources. This adversely affects human occupations. In monsoon regions. agriculture and allied activities from the main occupation of the people. In equatorial regions, occupations like gathering of gum, honey, rubber, lac, etc. are all based on forest produce, Taiga is a softwood forest. Therefore, lumbering is the main occupation there. In Tundra regions, the main occupation is hunting and fishing Extensive farming is undertaken in grasslands nowadays. Significant differences are found in the environment and available resources in different natural regions.  The use of resources is dependent on that region's progress in science and technology. Similarly, the history and cultural organization of that place also affects the life of the people.

Always Remember -  Not only human life but the entire living world on the earth depends on the available natural resources. Hence, while utilizing these resources, we must think of all the living organisms. The concept 'the earth is one single family' will become a reality only if we do that.

Do You Know ? About 25% of the deserts on the earth are sandy deserts. Many of the deserts are occupied by rock exposures or covered by stony wastes and pebbles. Some have high hills with narrow rocky pinnacles. Deserts like Ladakh in our country or Arizona in the United States of America are of this type. Strong winds blowing in the desert lift and deposit sand to make sandy hills or sand dunes. Some dunes can be as high as 200m. These hills do not remain stationary, but keep moving slowly under the influence of winds. At times, villages get buried under them.

       I hope that the children for whom this post is written will find it useful and interesting. Suggestions and comments for the improvement of the post would be most welcome.

Thank You